Physical Restraints
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The
definition of a physical restraint is any device, material,
or equipment that prevents a resident from moving about freely.
According to the Code of Federal Regulations, 42 Section 483.13
(a), “the resident has the right to be free from any
physical or chemical restraints imposed for the purpose of
discipline or convenience, and not required to treat the resident’s
medical symptoms.” Therefore, a physical restraint may
only be used to treat a medical symptom after a comprehensive
assessment identifies interventions that allow the resident
to reach his/her highest level of functioning.
Research
has found that residents who are not restrained tend to be
less agitated, less fatigued, and more social. They exhibit
greater independence with toileting, mobility, feeding, dressing,
and strength. The resident's autonomy and dignity improves
without the confinement of physical restraints.
The
following tools were developed and modeled after the Institute
for Healthcare Quality (IHI) Breakthrough Series Collaborative
Framework. Nursing homes from a number of states recently participated
in a National Nursing Home Improvement Collaborative for Pressure
Ulcer Prevention and Treatment sponsored by CMS. Please click
on to www.medqic.org to
search for more information on this model.
This
approach proved to be very successful and since has led to
other collaborative work in long-term care. An example is the
pilot collaborative on restraint reduction that 15 select nursing
homes in Tennessee recently participated in, the first initiative
of its kind for the nursing home industry in Tennessee. This
collaborative ended in January 2006. Please feel free to download
the following Restraint Tools:
Framework
Package
Change Model
Senior
Leader Report
Measurement
Strategy
Data
Tracking Tool
Restraints Self-Assessment
Tool
Falls Self-Assessment
Tool
Behavioral Symptoms Self-Assessment
Tool
Restraint Knowledge and
Attitude Survey
Restraint Knowledge and
Attitude Survey Key